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How are conflicts of interest legally addressed in public contracts in Costa Rica, and what are the preventive and sanctioning measures established to guarantee impartiality in the contracting process?
In Costa Rica, conflicts of interest in public contracts are prohibited and are addressed legally. The Administrative Contracting Law establishes preventive measures, such as the declaration of interests by participants in contracting processes. Sanctioning measures include exclusion from participation, fines and, in extreme cases, criminal charges. These provisions seek to guarantee transparency and impartiality in the public procurement process.
What is the role of society in protecting whistleblowers of illegal acts in private companies to prevent complicity?
The role of society in protecting whistleblowers of illegal acts in private companies is essential to prevent complicity. Society can support and protect whistleblowers by demanding laws and policies that safeguard their rights. Furthermore, raising awareness about the importance of ethical reporting and active participation in the defense of whistleblowers contribute to creating an environment in which complicity is less tolerated. Social pressure to protect whistleblowers increases the likelihood that companies will implement effective measures against complicity in illicit practices. Society plays a key role as a defender of integrity in the private sector.
How can I obtain a certificate of not being a debtor of municipal obligations in Ecuador?
To obtain a certificate of not being a debtor of municipal obligations in Ecuador, you must go to the Municipality corresponding to the town where you have outstanding obligations. You must submit an application and provide the required information to verify that you do not have municipal debts, such as property taxes, utility fees, traffic fines, among others. If your situation is confirmed, the Municipality will issue the certificate of not being a debtor of municipal obligations.
What is the difference between an individual labor lawsuit and a class action lawsuit in Costa Rica?
An individual employment lawsuit is filed when a worker seeks to resolve a specific dispute or claim related to his or her employment. A class action lawsuit, on the other hand, is filed on behalf of a group of workers who have experienced a similar employment situation, such as a widespread violation of labor rights. Class action lawsuits focus on issues common to a group of employees.
What is the validity of the Certificate of Company Existence in Peru?
The Certificate of Company Existence in Peru generally has a validity of 30 days from its issuance. After this period, it is considered expired and an updated certificate must be obtained if required for legal procedures or procedures related to the existence of the company.
Can a Guatemalan citizen apply for a second DPI for specific purposes?
No, under normal conditions, a Guatemalan citizen cannot request a second IPR for specific purposes. Each person has a unique DPI that is used as a general identification document. Requesting a second IPR could be considered an attempt to obtain an additional document improperly.
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