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What is the crime of collusion in public tenders in Mexican criminal law?
The crime of collusion in public tenders in Mexican criminal law refers to the agreement or pact between competitors to manipulate the bidding process in order to obtain improper advantages, such as price fixing, the exclusion of other bidders or the fraudulent assignment of contracts, and is punishable with penalties ranging from fines to imprisonment, depending on the damage caused and the circumstances of the illicit agreement.
What is the legal framework in Argentina for the protection of witnesses and collaborators in corruption cases involving politically exposed people?
In Argentina, the legal framework for the protection of witnesses and collaborators in corruption cases that involve politically exposed people is established in the Law for the Protection of Witnesses and Defendants. This law establishes protection measures, such as identity confidentiality, legal and psychological assistance, and the adoption of security measures, in order to guarantee the safety of those who collaborate in the investigation and prosecution of corruption crimes.
What is the process to request a tax refund in Colombia?
The process to request a tax refund in Colombia varies depending on the type of tax and the particular situation. In general, you must submit an application to the corresponding entity, such as the DIAN (National Tax and Customs Directorate), providing the necessary documentation and evidence. The entity will evaluate the request and, if the requirements are met, will proceed to refund the tax.
How does Argentina ensure that universities avoid undue influence from PEP in academic decision-making?
Argentina ensures that universities avoid undue PEP influence on academic decision-making by implementing transparent and participatory governance measures. Policies are established that guarantee academic independence and the election of authorities based on merit. The active participation of the university community in the election of leaders and academic decision-making is essential. In addition, transparency in the allocation of resources and proactive disclosure of possible connections between PEP and educational institutions are promoted. Collaboration with control bodies and the promotion of an ethical academic culture contribute to ensuring integrity in the university environment.
Can a Child Support Debtor in the Dominican Republic request a review of child support if he or she faces health or disability problems?
Yes, a Support Debtor in the Dominican Republic can request a review of support if they face health or disability problems that affect their ability to meet support obligations. The court will consider these circumstances and may make an adjustment accordingly.
What differences exist between a sales contract and a lease contract in Panama?
A sales contract transfers ownership of an asset, while a lease contract only grants the right to temporary use and enjoyment of the asset.
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