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What is the process to obtain a certificate of not having been sanctioned for violations in the field of consumer protection in Peru?
The process to obtain a certificate of not having been sanctioned for violations in the field of consumer protection in Peru is carried out at the National Institute for the Defense of Competition and the Protection of Intellectual Property (INDECOPI). You must submit the application, pay the corresponding fees and follow the established process to obtain the certificate.
How is identity validation addressed in the field of social assistance and subsidy programs in Colombia?
In the field of social assistance and subsidy programs in Colombia, identity validation is addressed through document verification and beneficiary authentication. Measures are implemented to ensure that subsidies reach the right people, avoiding fraud and ensuring the effectiveness of social programs.
What is the crime of disclosure of industrial secrets in Mexican criminal law?
The crime of disclosure of industrial secrets in Mexican criminal law refers to the unauthorized disclosure of confidential information about manufacturing processes, patented technologies or product designs, in order to obtain illicit economic benefits, and is punishable by penalties ranging from from fines to deprivation of liberty, depending on the degree of disclosure and the consequences for the affected company.
How do you promote the participation of small and medium-sized businesses in public procurement processes in Peru without compromising integrity?
The participation of small and medium-sized companies in public procurement processes in Peru is promoted through [details on simplification of requirements, technical assistance]. This ensures fair competition and encourages the inclusion of diverse players in the market.
What were the first taxes implemented in Costa Rica and what was their initial purpose in the economic development of the country?
The first taxes implemented in Costa Rica date back to the colonial period, where commercial and agricultural activities were taxed. Later, in the 19th century, income and customs taxes were established. The initial purpose was to finance public expenses, especially those related to infrastructure and basic services, thus contributing to economic development and the consolidation of the State.
What is the minimum age for a minor to express their opinion in judicial matters in Guatemala?
In Guatemala, from the age of 12, the opinion of the minor is considered in judicial matters related to custody or adoption, as long as it is consistent with their best interest and ability to understand the situation.
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