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What is the principle of non-retroactivity of the most burdensome criminal law in Brazilian criminal law?
The principle of non-retroactivity of the most burdensome criminal law establishes that a new criminal law that is more harmful to the accused cannot be applied retroactively to cases already tried or in progress, thus guaranteeing the protection of acquired rights and legal certainty.
How is domestic violence criminalized in Colombia?
Domestic violence is punishable in Colombia by Law 1257 of 2008 and other regulations. Sanctions may include prison and protection measures for victims. The legislation seeks to prevent and punish acts of violence in the family environment, protecting the rights and integrity of those who find themselves in vulnerable situations.
What are alternative sentences to prison in Guatemala and when are they applied?
Alternative sentences to prison in Guatemala are sanctions other than prison that are applied in certain cases. They may include community service, fines, probation, and other rehabilitation programs. They are applied when the judge considers that they are appropriate and beneficial for the offender's reintegration.
What rights and protections do citizens have in relation to identity validation in El Salvador?
Citizens of El Salvador have rights and protections regarding identity validation. This includes the right to privacy of personal data, access to information held by authorities, and the right to present evidence and defend oneself if faced with problems related to identity validation. Additionally, data protection and privacy regulations may influence how identifying data is handled. Citizens have the right to know and understand how their identifying information is used.
What is the process to request the declaration of non-existence of a marriage due to lack of free and voluntary consent in Ecuador?
The process to request the declaration of non-existence of a marriage due to lack of free and voluntary consent in Ecuador involves filing a complaint before a child and adolescent judge. Evidence must be provided to demonstrate that consent to marry was not given freely and voluntarily.
How is the tax categorization of an entity or person determined in Panama, and what are the legal criteria for proper classification in terms of taxes?
The tax categorization of an entity or person in Panama is determined according to specific criteria established in tax legislation. Criteria may include the nature of business activities, revenue generated and other relevant factors. Proper classification is essential to guarantee that entities or people pay taxes in accordance with the regulations that apply to them, avoiding possible classification errors that could result in inappropriate tax burdens.
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